misalignment of business and personal benefit

How often do you see a project proposal that makes provision for staff incentives to achieve the project objectives? I’ll bet such a thing is a rare beast indeed, if not extinct. But this might be a substantive cause of project failure and disappointment.
incentives by opensourceway on flickr

In my experience, investment proposals and business cases never (and I do mean absolutely never) consider such things as the personal motivation and career cycle position of even the key actors, let alone those on the periphery of the initiative.

The universally prevailing presumption must be that these aspects are neutral to a business proposal. And yet, in reality, they are ultimately conclusive to the outcome.

To be blunt, the intended outcome is unlikely to be achieved without the hard work, good-will and contribution of those involved. These critical success factors should not be taken for granted.

So why don’t we always put suitable incentives into our project proposals?

However, most importantly, we should also carefully consider whether or not there is any potential mis-alignment of the corporate and personal benefit cycles, e.g. where the corporate reward for investment is long-term and low, while the ‘personal’ reward is short-term.

If we really want successful projects, we need to make sure that the corporate and personal benefit cycles are properly aligned and staged progressively. :mrgreen:

  • http://www.ozzard.org Peter Crowther

    See also Dan Pink’s “Drive” – nice summary at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6XAPnuFjJc.

  • http://www.SMSexemplar.com Grant (PG) Rule

    I have two issues with your underlying assumptions, Colin.

    1) Much evidence collected over decades shows that the introduction of extrinsic motivators such as money bonuses are actually detrimental to performance when workers are engaged in cognitive work.

    2) Evidence we have collected suggests that fewer than 1 in 10 of those engaged in IT work (at project manager and programme manager level, and even including those specialists engaged in support roles including QA, measurement and process improvement) have any clue regarding their organisations goals and the strategies chosen to achieve them. With such a lack of direction, any dream will do.

    3) W. Edwards Deming showed that c.94% of the variation in the system of work is due to the system itself, while only some 6% is due to performance of the individual workers. While the relative proportions may differ somewhat for ‘knowledge work’ compared to ‘manufacturing’, assuming any very great difference smacks of an unwarranted elitism. Labour usually is the most expensive input into any system of work, and ‘labourers’ are employed for their brain power & know-how irrespective of the kind of ‘labour’ concerned (with remarkable few exceptions IMHO).

    Having said that, I actually agree there is poor alignment between the benefits to ‘the business’ (by which too often in meant… the shareholders and executives) and the benefits to all other stakeholders (the customers, the employees, their families, suppliers, civil society, Gaia). For example, in the 12 months to June 2010, while many are suffering redundancy, stress induced by impending cost cutting, the whole austerity programme, the pay of senior execs in the FTSE 100 firms has risen 55% with bonuses averaging £4.9 million each. Not much ‘alignment’ there, eh?

    • http://www.colin-beveridge.com Colin Beveridge

      Grant

      thanks for engaging with the topic and making such a considered reply. I appreciate your time, interest and willingness to share.

      Regarding your points:

      1) I concur that financial bonuses, especially short-term ‘rewards,’ can be counter-productive in some situations – unless well designed and managed – and lead to unexpected consequences.

      2) My focus in this provocation is on alignment of personal and corporate benefits, rather than shared vision. However, of course, I recognise that vision and values contribute strongly to motivation.

      3) Not sure if Deming’s variation was related to the routine process of the organization, rather than the process of change. Please don’t shoot me if I have misconstrued Deming.

      Please note though that my provocation was about motivating individual performance to achieve personal and corporate alignment so I think we should take an holistic view of motivation for the delivery of change.

      This is important because very often the desired change may potentially affect the motivation of those involved, or their close colleagues. In such circumstances the business case should make motivation an explicit factor, with resource allocated to the task(s). :mrgreen:

  • http://www.SMSexemplar.com Grant (PG) Rule

    Yeah, I know. That’s three issues!

  • http://www.ozzard.org Peter Crowther

    Grant, what do you think of some of the stats in McConnell, “Rapid Development”, that two developers can be up to a factor of 10 different in productivity? It may reinforce or undermine your argument, I suspect, depending on how those measurements were taken.

  • http://www.SMSexemplar.com Grant (PG) Rule

    Hi Peter,
    Steve McConnell is quite right, IME, in observing that individual developers can differ by a factor of up to 10 with respect to their ‘productivity’ (although measuring individual productivity is not something that is either easy or particularly meaningful in a team-based endeavour). But it is all of a piece with the extreme variation observed between project teams (that is, between two and three orders of magnitude) and between organisations.

    Individuals rarely work in isolation. The development of software-intensive systems is a collaborative, team effort. The fact that one programmer may be able to code 10x faster than another may, when the effectiveness of the system of work is measured end-to-end from the end-consumer’s perspective, have little relevance. It is merely local optimisation.

    What really matters is the effectivenss of the system of work, designed to make ‘every unforgiving minute’ count (to quote Frank Woollard). What matters is how value flows through all the process steps, whether continuously in step with the customer demand, or hesitantly, with many stops, starts, hand-offs, delays, queues, back-tracking, rework and rejects.

    Successful leaders will ensure that their business’ goals & strategies align with their customers’ desired outcomes, and their employees’ personal benefits (and vice versa). They will also ensure that, as value flows from its numerous tributary sources into their firm’s main value streams, there are no logjams, bottlenecks, eddies or shallows that obstruct the flow of value. To do that, they will need to consider value in the form of finance & built assets, but also intellectual capital (know-how, skill, experience), social capital (morale, goodwill, esprit de corps), and environmental stewardship (renewable & non-renewable resources)… and their associated debts and ‘cash’ flows.

    Interventions designed to effect change (aka improvement) must similarly take all five capitals into account. I entirely agree with Colin that, to achieve anything much, interventionists must do all they can to align motivations with benefits. Niccolo Machiavelli taught us that.